In this study, doctors want to know the best time to do surgery for people with **epiretinal membrane (ERM)**, a thin layer that forms on the retina at the back of the eye. This can cause vision problems like blurriness or straight lines looking wavy. **Vitrectomy** is a surgery to remove the ERM. In this trial, patients are divided into two groups: one gets surgery right away, and the other waits until vision gets worse. The goal is to see if waiting affects how well people see later. They also want to find out what might predict how well people do after surgery or if their vision gets worse when they wait. The study includes people aged 45 and older with certain eye conditions.

• Study length involves waiting at least 4 weeks if not having immediate surgery.
• Participants should have no other eye diseases affecting the ERM.
• No additional known medical problems should prevent surgery.